SCA combat video from 1978

http://history.westkingdom.org/Year13/Video/JuneCrown.htm

Terminology

Terminology for different sword grips, shots and blocks

Don't Stand Still

Interesting videos on movement

More videos on movement. There's also some explanation of why fighting sword foot forward can be very effective.

Training vs Practice

Some excellent videos on the difference between training and practice

How to Train Technique

These short videos are the inspiration for our ideas on how to train a given technique:

Duke Gaston, Duke University:

After watching those videos many, many times we found some older, more in depth videos of the (possibly) complete set of drills:

These Gaston/Baldar drills have inspired us to work all of our initial training for a specific technique into 2 person drills.

The fact that Baldar is right handed and Gaston is a lefty seems to be the reason that they do the sword drills in both hands, but it has an added benefit for us florentine guys; it helps train both hands equally.

So the way we've been training is generating drills for every technique that we want to use, by following these steps:

• Think of a technique, eg moulinet to the head, that you want to improve
• Establish what stance and position you would throw this shot from
• With a partner, at 1/4 speed, do the technique once and complete the technique
• Do the technique again, at 1/4 speed, and have the partner do the corresponding move; eg tent block for the moulinet to the head.
• Make sure you both go back to your starting stance and position
• Then the partner does the technique, and you do the block.
• That is one loop of the drill
• Continue in this loop at 1/4 speed, subtly playing with variations of the strike and block, so that you find the optimal way to perform the technique
• If it's a single sword drill, once that arm gets dead tired, do the drill in the other hand.
• Both partners should be thinking and commenting on their own strike and block, but also each others' as well. One really good way to do this is to film yourselves, and watch the footage afterwards; making sure to decide on what you need to work on next time.

Once you have a set of established drills, you can mix them up, move around while doing the drill, play around with the range, and try them at full speed in armour.

Not only does this sort of drilling help improve techniques you already know, it helps you to always be thinking of new techniques; and new ways to use existing moves.

We've found that drilling techniques this way allows us to deliberately learn techniques a lot quicker than before.

Florentine Instructional videos

Here's a few florentine instructional videos

Duke Erin

Duke Fuyusuru Tadashi

The Duke Tadashi videos show a style closer to our own, but the Duke Erin videos contain some interesting ideas that I'm trying to incorporate into my own style too.

Assumed Armour

As far as I can see, there are several distinct classes of armour worn throughout history that are designed to protect the wearer from sword attacks:

• unarmoured / soft leather
• chainmail
• plate mail

There are a few different kinds of attacks with a sword

• cutting - running the edge along the target
• bashing - hitting the target with the edge
• thrusting - penetrating the target with the point

Now it may seem obvious, but the different armour types protect against the different attacks to varying degrees.

Unarmoured or soft leather gives virtually no protection, and arguably thrusting is the most effective attack.

Chainmail mostly provides protection from cutting, some from bashing; but little from thrusting.

Plate mail provides total protection from cutting, good from bashing, and good from thrusting (except in the gaps, obviously). These are clearly over simplifications, but they can help to think of the optimal attack strategy.

Different sword fighting schools assume differently armoured targets. In competition, people generally wear more armour than the "assumed armour" for safety and (in sca heavy) looking better. Here's some examples of the assumed armour of different schools.

• modern fencing - unarmoured
• sca fencing - unarmoured
• eskrima - unarmoured
• kendo - unarmoured

• sca heavy - chainmail and helm 

• half-swording - plate mail

I couldn't find any groups that compete with full plate assumed armour, but I'm sure they exist. The difficulty would be making it safe. The full plate techniques of aiming for thrusts in the unarmoured parts (groin, eyes, palm, underarm) would pretty much always be dangerous at full speed.

The point is, striking techniques used by different groups must be understood in terms of the armour they are designed to be used against, not necessarily the armour people compete in. It's pointless comparing the slashes of eskrima to the snaps in sca, or the half-sword thrusting technique to thrusting in modern fencing; they were designed to work around different levels of passive defense.

With this in mind, the SCA heavy techniques of "hitting" the target make a lot of sense. Thrusts however, have always been a source of confusion for me. With a two handed weapon, it's easy enough to get a "good" thrust; but with a single handed sword it seems quite difficult. I was always told that it can't be a "push" but must be a strike. After seeing some videos on youtube which showed how easily a broadsword can thrust through chainmail, I've come to think that thrusts should be more effective in sca heavy combat. Maybe all that should be required is a strong "push" with the thrust. I'm pretty certain that the foam/rubber thrusting tips we use, make it difficult to judge a good thrust to begin with. Also I've found it impossible to find a legal thrusting tip that doesn't completely change the weighting of the sword, making it tip heavy; when really it should be lighter at the point. It seems the thrusting tip requirements have been reduced in the last year or so, which is a good thing. I hope at some point we can use a simple leather cap, or just thrust with the rattan; for single handed swords at least.